home / investigations / the drone ban
active investigation · drones · regulatory · financial

the drone ban

They wrote the law. They owned the stock.

Unusual Machines Inc. (UMAC) raised over $119 million while generating just $6.3 million in annual revenue. Its founder simultaneously runs a competing defense drone company. Donald Trump Jr. — son of the incoming President — joined UMAC's advisory board on November 27, 2024, received 200,000 shares as compensation, and publicly called for a Chinese drone ban while holding the stock. His father's June 2025 executive order then mandated domestic drone procurement. Insiders sold $3.86 million in shares at every regulatory milestone, always at the peak.

$119M+ total capital raised
$44.5M accumulated deficit
+278% share dilution · 20 months
$3.86M insider sales tracked
273 sec filings analyzed
14 anomalies flagged
01

connection map

interactive

Every entity involved in this investigation, connected by role, financial relationship, or influence. hover any node for details. Drag to explore. Orange edges indicate relationships that warrant scrutiny.

government / regulatory
us company / insider
connected entity
ban target
under investigation
flagged connection
known relationship
02

critical event timeline

click to expand
Feb 2022 UMAC formed · purchase agreement with Red Cat

Jeffrey Thompson — then CEO of Red Cat Holdings — and UMAC agree to sell the Fat Shark FPV goggles and Rotor Riot retail brands to UMAC for $18M, later raised to $22.1M. Thompson holds ~10% of UMAC pre-IPO. He retains full control of Red Cat's military drone division, Teal Drones.

Deal value: $22.1M · Thompson pre-IPO stake: ~10% · Red Cat retains: Teal Drones (military)
Dec 2023 NDAA / ASDA passes — Chinese drone ban for federal agencies

The American Security Drones Act becomes law, barring federal agencies from procuring Chinese-made drones beginning January 2026. UMAC had been publicly advocating for exactly this type of legislation since 2023. Their investor presentations from this period closely mirror the law's final language.

Law passed: NDAA § ASDA · Effective: Jan 2026 for federal procurement · UMAC public stance: strong advocate since 2023
Feb 13, 2024 IPO — $5M raised @ $4.00/share · BF Borgers as auditor

UMAC lists on NYSE American. Red Cat Holdings receives 4,250,000 shares (48.8% of the post-IPO company) as consideration for Fat Shark and Rotor Riot. The IPO raises only $5M — a very small public float, but it establishes the public market mechanism needed for all subsequent equity raises.

IPO price: $4.00 · Red Cat receives: 4,250,000 shares (48.8%) · Auditor: BF Borgers CPA PC · ⚠ Later found fraudulent by SEC
Apr–May 2024 BF Borgers dismissed — SEC charges auditor with fraud

Just two months after IPO, UMAC's audit committee dismisses BF Borgers CPA PC. In May 2024, the SEC charges Borgers with conducting fraudulent audits for over 1,500 clients. This means the pre-IPO financials for Fat Shark and Rotor Riot — the very assets used to justify the $22.1M acquisition — were certified by a firm later proven to be a fraud operation.

Apr 12, 2024: Borgers dismissed · May 2024: SEC charges Borgers — 1,500+ fraudulent client audits · Replacement: Salberg & Company P.A. (small Florida firm)
Aug 7, 2024 Non-reliance filing (Item 4.02) — restatement in IPO year

UMAC files an 8-K under Item 4.02 — "Non-Reliance on Previously Issued Financial Statements." This is among the most severe disclosures a public company can make. A 10-K/A (amended annual report) follows August 9. Combined with the fraudulent auditor situation, this creates a pattern of financial reporting unreliability in the critical IPO year, when the acquisition valuations were at their most scrutinized.

Aug 7, 2024: Item 4.02 non-reliance filed · Figures referenced: $600K, $2.38M, $1.79M, $3.93M · Aug 9: 10-K/A filed
Jul 22, 2024 Red Cat converts 4.25M shares to preferred — exits cap table via private sale

Red Cat Holdings exchanges all 4.25 million UMAC common shares for newly-created Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, exempt from registration under Section 3(a)(9). Red Cat then sells all UMAC securities to two "unaffiliated third-party investors" in a private transaction. Thompson's company formally disappears from the cap table — but Thompson himself remains on UMAC's board of directors. The Series A preferred carries full dilution potential back to common shares, which the new holders exercise throughout 2024–2025.

Jul 22: 4,250,000 common → 4,250 Series A Preferred (1,000:1 conversion) · Buyer: 2 unaffiliated investors · Thompson stays on board · By Nov 30, 2025: All preferred disposed at $0
Oct 30, 2024 Private placement @ $1.52 — insiders participate

UMAC raises $1.95M via private placement at $1.52/share. CEO Evans and Director Lowry "invested an aggregate of $250,000 in the Offering on identical terms to the other investors," per the 8-K filing. This means board insiders are buying at the same price as private investors — at a company they control. Within 34 days, after Trump's election victory, the stock trades at ~$12.65 — an 8.3x return on that $250K.

Price: $1.52/share · Insiders: Evans + Lowry = $250,000 · Dec 3 price: $12.65 = 8.3x in 34 days · Implied insider gain: ~$1.8M
Nov 5, 2024 Election day — board approves 150,000-share bonus grant same day

On November 5, 2024 — the same day as the U.S. presidential election — UMAC's board approves 50,000 restricted share grants each to CEO Evans, CFO Hoff, and COO Camden, explicitly as "a bonus related to the Company's private placement which closed on October 30, 2024." The stated rationale connects the grant to a private placement that closed six days prior. At the grant date price of ~$2–3/share, these are worth ~$300K–450K. By December 3, at $12.65, they are worth ~$1.9M.

Grant date: November 5, 2024 (Election Day) · Recipients: Evans + Hoff + Camden · Total shares: 150,000 · Dec 3 value: ~$1.9M
Nov 27, 2024 Donald Trump Jr. joins UMAC advisory board — receives 200,000 shares

Three weeks after his father won the presidential election, Donald Trump Jr. is appointed to UMAC's advisory board and receives 200,000 shares as compensation — disclosed via SEC Form 4 filing dated November 27, 2024. UMAC stock surges approximately 107% on the announcement. Trump Jr. subsequently makes public statements calling for a ban on Chinese-made drones, while simultaneously holding a material stake in the primary domestic beneficiary. At its post-announcement peak, his ~331,580 share position is worth over $4M.

Shares received: 200,000 · Total position: ~331,580 shares · Stock reaction: +107% · Conflict: Publicly advocates drone ban while holding UMAC stock · Filed: Form 4, Nov 27, 2024
Dec 3, 2024 Thompson sells 40,000 shares @ $12.65 — peak of post-election run

Founder and board director Jeffrey Thompson sells 40,000 shares at $12.65 on December 3, 2024, generating $506,116. He files a Form 144 the same day. The stock had surged from ~$1.52 (Oct 30 placement) to $12.65 — an 8x move in 34 days driven by the Trump election narrative of a Chinese drone ban. Thompson had participated in the October 30 placement at $1.52/share. The Form 144 confirms these were restricted shares.

Proceeds: $506,116 · Price: $12.65 · Placement basis: $1.52 · Gain multiple: 8.3x · Form 144 filed: same day (Dec 3)
Jan 2025 Brendan Carr confirmed as FCC chairman

Brendan Carr is confirmed as FCC Chairman by the Senate. The FCC is the regulator that would execute the Chinese drone ban — specifically by refusing to grant radio frequency licenses to DJI and Autel products if they fail a mandated security review. UMAC's own 10-K describes this outcome as "functionally a ban on all new DJI and Autel products in the United States."

FCC's role: Grants radio licenses required for US operation · Under CCCP Act: FCC would refuse new licenses to failing Chinese makers · Chair: Brendan Carr confirmed by Senate Jan 2025
May 2025 $40M CMPO @ $5.00 — 8 million new shares added to float

UMAC raises $40M via a Concurrent Market Primary Offering at $5.00/share, adding 8 million shares to the float. This is the single largest capital raise to date. Shares outstanding grow from ~15.9M to ~21.8M. The company uses some of this capital to build a short-term investment portfolio in early-stage public companies.

Raised: $40M · Price: $5.00/share · New shares: 8,000,000 · Cumulative total: ~$80M+ raised since IPO
Jun 6, 2025 Trump signs executive order mandating domestic drone procurement

President Trump signs an executive order directing U.S. government agencies to prioritize domestically manufactured drones over Chinese-made alternatives. The order directly benefits UMAC — one of the few publicly-traded US domestic drone manufacturers. Trump's son Donald Jr. has held an advisory board position at UMAC since November 2024 and continues to hold approximately 331,580 shares at the time the order is signed. No public disclosure of any recusal or conflict-of-interest review is made in connection with the order.

EO signed: Jun 6, 2025 · Mandate: Federal agencies prioritize domestic drone makers · Trump Jr. position: UMAC advisory board since Nov 2024 · Shares held: ~331,580 at time of signing
Oct 2025 U.S. Army contract — 3,500 motors with 20,000 more planned

UMAC wins a U.S. Army contract to supply 3,500 drone motors, with the Army indicating demand for up to 20,000 additional motors. This is cited as validation of UMAC's domestic defense supply thesis. The contract follows the June executive order mandating domestic drone procurement — signed four months earlier by the father of UMAC's advisory board member and major shareholder.

Contract size: 3,500 motors · Pipeline: Up to 20,000 additional · Customer: U.S. Army · Context: Follows Jun 6 EO — Trump Jr. still on advisory board
Aug 28, 2025 $300M ATM shelf registered — 37x annual revenue

UMAC registers a $300 million at-the-market (ATM) shelf offering with JonesTrading as agent. At the time of registration, UMAC's annualized revenue run rate is approximately $8–9M. The ATM facility is 37x the company's revenue run rate — effectively giving management the legal ability to issue unlimited shares at market prices with minimal friction. The agent earns 3% of proceeds.

ATM size: $300M · Revenue run rate: ~$8–9M annualized · Ratio: 37x revenue · Agent: JonesTrading · Commission: 3%
Nov 12, 2025 $25M deployed into XTI Aerospace PIPE — company then acquires Drone Nerds, guides $160M+ revenue for 2026

UMAC invests $25M in XTI Aerospace via a PIPE purchase of 25,000 shares of XTI Series 10 Convertible Preferred Stock. UMAC advanced $10.5M as a pre-closing loan before the deal was finalized, suggesting urgency. $25M represents roughly 39% of UMAC's then-current cash balance. In the same month, XTI Aerospace acquires Drone Nerds — a national drone retail and service network — transforming from a development-stage entity into an operating business. XTI subsequently guides $160M+ in 2026 revenue. Despite this business development, XTIA stock remains down approximately 64% year-over-year as of early 2026, and UMAC's investment carries meaningful mark-to-market risk. The transaction still raises questions about who introduced the deal and whether any undisclosed parties at UMAC hold XTI equity.

Nov 10: $10.5M advanced as pre-closing loan · Nov 12: PIPE closes at $25M · Nov 2025: XTI acquires Drone Nerds · 2026 guidance: $160M+ revenue · XTIA: down ~64% YoY
Dec 10–12, 2025 CCCP Drone Act signed → Hoff + Camden sell $1.29M at the peak

NDAA Section 1709 — the CCCP Drone Act — is signed into law. It mandates a one-year security review of DJI and Autel by the Department of Defense. If they fail, the FCC will no longer grant radio licenses for their products, which UMAC's 10-K describes as "functionally a ban." Critically, the one-year clock means the effective ban (if ordered) would not take effect until approximately December 2026 at the earliest — not immediately upon signing. Two days later, CFO Brian Hoff sells 75,000 shares at $10.31 ($773K) and COO Camden sells 50,000 shares at $10.32 ($516K). This is the sixth time in 2025 that insiders sold at a local price high.

Dec 12 — Hoff: 75,000 shares @ $10.31 = $773,325 · Dec 12 — Camden: 50,000 @ $10.32 = $516,000 · 2-day pattern: law passes → insiders sell · Effective ban date: ~Dec 2026 at earliest (1-year DoD review)
Jan 15, 2026 $2.1M defense purchase order announced

UMAC announces a $2.1M purchase order for domestically assembled drone systems for defense and government applications — the first tangible defense revenue signal. This represents meaningful validation of the US-manufactured drone thesis, but it is still modest relative to the $119M+ raised to pursue it.

Order value: $2.1M · Category: Defense/government · Context: First significant defense revenue — but $119M+ raised to get here
03

red flags

click to expand
Trump Jr. advisory board — 200K shares, advocates ban, father signs EO critical

Three weeks after his father won the presidency, Donald Trump Jr. joined UMAC's advisory board on November 27, 2024, receiving 200,000 shares as compensation. His total stake grew to approximately 331,580 shares. He subsequently made public statements calling for a ban on Chinese-made drones — while holding a material equity position in the primary domestic beneficiary of exactly that ban.

On June 6, 2025, President Trump signed an executive order mandating that U.S. government agencies prioritize domestically manufactured drones over Chinese alternatives. UMAC is one of the few publicly traded domestic drone makers. No public disclosure of a recusal or conflict-of-interest review was made in connection with the order.

Advisory board appointment: Nov 27, 2024 — 22 days after election
Compensation: 200,000 shares (Form 4 filed Nov 27, 2024)
Total stake: ~331,580 shares — worth $4M+ at Nov 2024 peak
Stock reaction: +107% on announcement
⚠ Trump Jr. publicly advocates Chinese drone ban while holding UMAC stock
⚠ Father's Jun 6, 2025 EO mandates domestic drone procurement — directly benefits UMAC
⚠ UMAC wins Army contract Oct 2025 — 4 months after the EO
Thompson's dual role — UMAC director + Red Cat CEO + $22.1M seller critical

Jeffrey Thompson is UMAC's founder, sits on its board of directors, and is simultaneously the CEO of Red Cat Holdings — which owns Teal Drones, a US military drone manufacturer that directly benefits from DJI being banned. Thompson personally sold UMAC the Fat Shark and Rotor Riot brands for $22.1M. He then stayed on UMAC's board while running the competing defense company.

UMAC's own 10-K risk factors explicitly flag this conflict: Thompson "could cause him to face a conflict of interest, financial or otherwise, adverse to us and in favor of Red Cat." Red Cat also executed a $250K subcontract with UMAC as a vendor.

Thompson is simultaneously: UMAC Founder + Director + Fat Shark/Rotor Riot seller ($22.1M)
Red Cat owns: Teal Drones — direct DJI ban beneficiary (military contracts)
Red Cat/UMAC contract: $250K subcontract (recognized $155K in FY2024)
⚠ Thompson recused from Red Cat board vote — but NOT from UMAC board votes
⚠ UMAC's own 10-K explicitly names this as a conflict of interest risk
$119M raised on $6.3M revenue — G&A alone is 2.4x total revenue critical

UMAC has raised over $119 million in equity since its February 2024 IPO while generating just $6.3M in FY2024 revenue. G&A expenses alone for the first nine months of 2025 were $15.2M — more than double the company's entire annual revenue. The company is entirely dependent on repeat capital raises, not operations.

Total raised (Feb 2024–Oct 2025): ~$119M+
FY2024 revenue: $6.3M | G&A 9mo 2025: $15.2M
FY2024 net loss: ($31.99M) — 5.1x revenue
Non-cash SBC in loss: ~$9.5M
⚠ Core business cannot self-fund; survival depends on continued share issuance
Q3 2025 "profit" is entirely $5.85M in unrealized investment gains critical

UMAC reported $1.6M net income in Q3 2025 — its "first ever profitable quarter." But operating loss was ($4.96M). The entire reported profit came from $5.85M in unrealized gains on an equity investment portfolio. Of those gains, $1.21M came from Level 3 warrants — the least verifiable asset class — valued using Black-Scholes with volatility assumptions of 124–146%.

Q3 2025 operating loss: ($4,960,000)
Unrealized investment gains: +$5,850,000
Reported net income: $1,603,465
Level 3 (unobservable) warrants: $1.21M — valued via Black-Scholes at 124–146% vol
⚠ "First profitable quarter" narrative built on unverifiable asset valuations
!
CEO paid via personal LLC — "8 Consulting LLC" management services agreement warning

Rather than employing CEO Allan Evans directly as an employee, UMAC entered a two-year Management Services Agreement with "8 Consulting LLC" — Evans' personal company — on April 30, 2024. Evans receives his compensation through this LLC rather than as a W-2 employee. This creates tax efficiency for Evans but raises governance questions: LLC agreements are harder to unwind than employment agreements and create an additional related-party entity in UMAC's structure.

Entity: 8 Consulting LLC (Allan Evans' personal company)
Agreement type: Management Services Agreement — not employment
CEO comp equivalent: $250K/year + stock awards ($733,600 in FY2024)
Total CEO comp 2024: $1,114,600
⚠ LLC contractor structure for public company CEO is unusual
!
prepaid inventory spikes 662% — 3.5x quarterly revenue paid to suppliers upfront warning

Prepaid inventory jumped from $905K (December 2024) to $6.9M (September 2025) — a 662% increase in nine months. At the same time, quarterly revenue was only ~$2.1M. This means the company has paid suppliers upfront for roughly 3.5 quarters' worth of inventory. This could signal management confidence in an imminent revenue surge, or it could represent poor working capital management, or preparation for channel stuffing.

Dec 2024 prepaid inventory: $905,000
Sep 2025 prepaid inventory: $6,900,000 (+662%)
Q3 2025 quarterly revenue: ~$2,132,000
Prepaid as % of quarterly revenue: 324%
⚠ Either a revenue surge is coming, or this is a working capital red flag
04

financial forensics

quarterly data · all periods
revenue vs. operating loss
quarterly · USD millions
shares outstanding growth
millions of shares · 2024–2025
capital raised vs. cumulative loss
cumulative USD millions
cash & total assets
quarterly · USD millions
period revenue operating loss net income / (loss) cash total assets shares out. note
Q1 2024 $1.53M ($913K) ($1.11M) $3.21M $24.2M 6.07M IPO month
Q2 2024 $1.53M ($1.61M) ($1.61M) $2.22M $25.2M 10.04M Red Cat exits cap table
Q3 2024 $1.53M ($1.75M) ($2.14M) $1.69M $24.5M 7.15M restatement filed
FY 2024 $6.30M ($31.99M) $3.76M $16.1M 15.15M SBC $9.5M
Q1 2025 $1.21M ($2.77M) ($3.27M) $5.00M $17.3M 15.90M Aloft deal signed
Q2 2025 $2.18M ($3.27M) ($6.96M) $38.9M $52.4M 21.77M $40M CMPO
Q3 2025 $2.13M ($4.96M) $1.60M ▲ $64.3M $113.1M 30.00M gain from investments
cumulative net loss (FY2024 + 9mo 2025) ~($44.5M)

Q3 2025 balance sheet shows $64.3M cash. Management has subsequently stated cash exceeds $133M as of early 2026 following additional ATM draws. Each ATM draw dilutes existing shareholders. Full draw history available via prospectus supplement filings on EDGAR (CIK 0001779020).

05

insider activity

Form 4 + Form 144 data
Pattern: Every major insider sale event coincides with a stock price spike driven by regulatory news (election win, CCCP Drone Act) or a capital raise announcement. Insiders sold $3.86M in total while the company was operating at a run-rate loss of ~$15M/year. No insider has been a net buyer since the October 2024 private placement at $1.52/share.
date insider role shares sold price gross proceeds context
Dec 3, 2024 Jeffrey Thompson Director / Red Cat CEO 40,000 $12.65 $506,116 post-election peak
Apr 3, 2025 Brian Hoff CFO 83,775 $5.68–5.75 $477,876 post $1.99→$6 run
May 20, 2025 Hoff + Camden CFO + COO 35,000 $5.41–5.42 $189,480 pre-CMPO selling
Jun 16, 2025 Camden COO 25,000 $10.00 $250,000 52-week high
Aug 20–21, 2025 Hoff + Camden CFO + COO 85,500 $9.80–10.21 $873,269 ATM launch timing
Nov 20, 2025 Hoff + Camden + Colon CFO + COO + Director 25,768 $9.06–9.10 $234,132 post-XTI news
Dec 12, 2025 Hoff + Camden CFO + COO 125,000 $10.31–10.32 $1,289,333 post-CCCP Act
Dec 29, 2025 Evans + Rich CEO + Director 22,174 $1.99 (exercise) $44,126 warrant exercise + sell
total insider selling · Dec 2024 – Dec 2025 ~$3,864,332
06

open questions

investigation threads
!

Does Trump Jr. have a 10b5-1 plan for his UMAC shares?

Donald Trump Jr. received 200,000 shares on Nov 27, 2024 and holds ~331,580 total. Has he filed a Rule 10b5-1 pre-planned trading plan? Any sale of UMAC shares after publicly advocating for the drone ban — or after his father's June 2025 executive order — would raise significant questions about trading on material non-public information.

!

Was any ethics review done before the Jun 6, 2025 executive order?

President Trump's June 6, 2025 EO mandating domestic drone procurement directly benefits UMAC — where his son holds an advisory board seat and ~331K shares. Was any White House ethics or conflict-of-interest review conducted? Did the executive order originate from a policy process that included input from Trump Jr. or entities connected to him?

?

XTI Aerospace — who introduced the deal?

$25M was deployed into XTI Aerospace with only five days between announcement and close. What was the IRR expectation? Who introduced this deal to UMAC management? Does any undisclosed party at UMAC hold equity in XTI Aerospace?

?

How much has been drawn from the $300M ATM?

The $300M ATM shelf was registered August 2025. The Q3 2025 balance sheet shows $64.3M cash, but management has subsequently stated that post-ATM draws the balance exceeds $133M as of early 2026. Full ATM draw history can be tracked via prospectus supplement filings on EDGAR. Each draw dilutes existing shareholders.

?

Were BF Borgers audits ever re-performed?

Were the pre-IPO financials for Fat Shark and Rotor Riot among the 1,500+ fraudulent BF Borgers audits? Has UMAC obtained re-audited financials for the historical periods? The 10-K/A restatement suggests some corrections, but not necessarily comprehensive ones.

Has Thompson influenced UMAC's government relations?

Thompson sits on UMAC's board while running Red Cat, which owns Teal Drones — a direct beneficiary of Chinese drone bans. Has he ever voted on, or substantively influenced, UMAC's lobbying or government relations strategy? Board meeting minutes are not public, but any vote record would be relevant.

07

primary sources

public records
SEC EDGAR · CIK 0001956955
273 filings analyzed: 10-K, 10-Q, 8-K, S-1, S-3, Form 4, Form 144, DEF 14A. Period: 2022–January 2026.
Key filings cited
10-K (Mar 2025), 10-K/A (Aug 2024), Item 4.02 8-K (Aug 7, 2024), Form 4 filings (all insiders), Form 144 (Thompson, Dec 2024).
NDAA / legislation
NDAA FY2024 (American Security Drones Act), NDAA FY2026 Section 1709 (CCCP Drone Act), FCC docket records.
Donald Trump Jr. / advisory board
Form 4 filed Nov 27, 2024 (SEC EDGAR). CBS News reporting on advisory board appointment. Forbes reporting on Trump Jr., UMAC, and defense contracts (Oct 2025). Executive order text (Jun 6, 2025).
Important: All facts in this investigation are sourced from publicly filed SEC documents, congressional records, news reporting (CBS News, Forbes), or other verified public records. This is not investment advice. The existence of anomalies and conflicts does not constitute evidence of legal wrongdoing — it identifies patterns that warrant further scrutiny. transparency lab encourages readers to review the primary source documents directly.